The Royal Academy of Artillery in Segovia houses one of Spain's most outstanding geological collections: the Geological Collection of the Academy of Artillery. Located in the Science and Technology Room within the old cloister of the Convent of San Francisco, this collection offers a valuable display of minerals, rocks and fossils, which forms part of the cultural and exhibition offerings of the military centre.

The collection has more than 3,400 carefully inventoried and catalogued items. Although the fire at the Alcázar de Segovia in 1782 destroyed much of the original documentation, the original labels, engravings and trays for each specimen have been preserved. These details make it possible to reconstruct the evolution of mineralogical and petrological classifications in Spain over the last two centuries, giving the collection significant scientific and historical importance.

This Geological Collection is organised into several sub-collections of different origins, ages and types. The most important is the Main Collection, consisting of approximately 2,300 pieces of minerals, rocks and fossils that constitute the oldest and most representative part of the collection. The Secondary Collection adds some 486 additional mineral pieces, while the collection of the Geological Map of Spain Commission includes two sets of 200 specimens each, donated at the end of the 19th century for use in higher education institutions.

In addition to these groups, the collection includes accessory items of scientific and educational interest, such as a selection of alloys and castings dating from the mid-19th century, consisting of 125 pieces of metal remains and smelting slag. Also noteworthy is a biological section with specimens of marine fauna, such as a sawfish saw and a gorgonian, among other remains of invertebrates.

Among the most unique pieces are the carved minerals from the ‘Tesoro del Delfín’ (Treasure of the Dauphin), a set of jewels given by Louis XIV of France to his son, inherited by Philip V and later donated to the Royal Cabinet of Natural History in Madrid by Charles III. There are also gold pieces from Siberia and specimens classified by the chemist José Fernández Ladreda, adding to the historical value of the collection.

The Artillery Academy is currently working on the transfer of this collection to what was once the centre's Chemistry Laboratory, a space that will house a museum project dedicated to enhancing and preserving this valuable example of geological heritage. This new location will allow for better conservation and accessibility, ensuring the continuity of this collection as an important educational and cultural resource in Spain.